References

References: Chapter 18 · The Four Silences

  1. Pfannkuche KA, Bouma A, Groothuis TGG. Does testosterone affect lateralization of brain and behaviour? A meta-analysis in humans and other animal species. Phil Trans R Soc B 364(1519):929-942, 2009.
  2. Geschwind N, Galaburda AM. Cerebral lateralization. Biological mechanisms, associations, and pathology: I. A hypothesis and a program for research. Arch Neurol 42(5):428-459, 1985.
  3. UC Berkeley Department of Integrative Biology, Tyrone B. Hayes faculty profile.
  4. Hayes Laboratory, UC Berkeley.
  5. UC Berkeley Department of Integrative Biology. Faculty: Tyrone B. Hayes.
  6. Aviv R. A Valuable Reputation. The New Yorker, February 10, 2014.
  7. UC Berkeley Department of Integrative Biology — Tyrone Hayes faculty page.
  8. Tyrone Hayes. Wikipedia.
  9. Center for Public Integrity / 100Reporters, 'Syngenta's campaign to protect atrazine, discredit critics,' 2013.
  10. City of Greenville, Illinois et al. v. Syngenta Crop Protection, Inc., S.D. Ill., No. 3:10-cv-00188 — unsealed discovery documents.
  11. Chemical Education Xchange (ChemEdX), review/discussion of 'A Valuable Reputation,' 2014.
  12. US EPA, 'Atrazine — Interim Registration Review Decision,' September 2020.
  13. Center for Biological Diversity, 'Lawsuit Launched Over EPA's Failure to Protect Imperiled Species From Toxic Atrazine,' 2020.
  14. The New Yorker, publication archive.
  15. Union of Concerned Scientists, 'Syngenta Harassed the Scientist Who Exposed Risks of its Herbicide Atrazine,' 2014.
  16. Congress.gov hearings search, 'atrazine'/'Syngenta,' 2014-2024.
  17. Clark CJ, Jussim L, Frey K, et al. 'Prosocial motives underlie scientific censorship by scientists: A perspective and research agenda.' PNAS 120(48):e2301642120 (2023).
  18. Undark Magazine. 'Can Endocrine-Disrupting Chemicals Affect Gender Identity?' Dec 10, 2025.
  19. Honeycutt N, Stevens S, et al. coverage in Social Science Space, 'A Behavioral Scientist's Take on the Dangers of Self-Censorship in Science' (2024).
  20. Clark CJ, Jussim L, Frey K, et al. "Prosocial motives underlie scientific censorship by scientists." PNAS 120(48):e2301642120 (2023).
  21. Barrett ES, Sathyanarayana S, Janssen S, Redmon JB, Nguyen RHN, Kobrosly R, Swan SH; TIDES Study Team. Environmental health attitudes and behaviors: findings from a large pregnancy cohort study. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 176:119-125 (2014). [TIDES cohort, enrollment 2009-2014]
  22. Sathyanarayana Lab, Seattle Children's. The Infant Development and Environment Study (TIDES) — TIDES III follows the cohort at ages 12 and 14.
  23. Swan SH, Main KM, Liu F, et al. Decrease in anogenital distance among male infants with prenatal phthalate exposure. Environ Health Perspect 113(8):1056-1061 (2005).
  24. Swan SH et al. Decrease in anogenital distance among male infants with prenatal phthalate exposure. Environmental Health Perspectives 113(8):1056-1061 (2005).
  25. USGS Water Science School, units of measure (ppb analogies).
  26. US EPA trace-analysis primer.
  27. American Society for Reproductive Medicine (ASRM) - patient resources on the cost of IVF; FertilityIQ cost surveys.
  28. American Society for Reproductive Medicine (ASRM). Is in vitro fertilization expensive? (ASRM patient cost guidance; average US IVF cycle ~$12,400 excluding medications.)
  29. Katz P, Showstack J, Smith JF, et al. Costs of infertility treatment: results from an 18-month prospective cohort study. Fertil Steril. 2011;95(3):915-921. PMID 21130988.
  30. Bergman A et al. (UNEP/WHO), 'State of the Science of Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals 2012,' WHO, 2013.
  31. Vogel SA, 'Is It Safe? BPA and the Struggle to Define the Safety of Chemicals,' University of California Press, 2013.
  32. Gore AC et al., 'EDC-2,' Endocrine Reviews 36(6):E1-E150, 2015.
  33. Trasande L et al., 'Estimating Burden and Disease Costs of Exposure to Endocrine-Disrupting Chemicals in the European Union,' J Clin Endocrinol Metab 100(4):1245-1255, 2015.
  34. U.S. EPA. TSCA Chemical Substance Inventory.
  35. U.S. GAO. Toxic Substances: EPA Has Increased Efforts to Assess and Control Chemicals but Could Strengthen Its Approach (GAO-13-249) (2013).
  36. 3M Company. Form 8-K and press release: 3M Resolves Claims by Public Water Suppliers (June 22, 2023).
  37. C&EN (American Chemical Society). 3M agrees to $10.3 billion PFAS settlement; DuPont/Chemours/Corteva $1.18 billion (2023).
  38. NPR: 3M reaches $10.3 billion settlement over contamination of water systems (June 22, 2023).
  39. Reuters: Chemours, DuPont, Corteva to pay $1.18 billion to settle US 'forever chemicals' claims (June 2, 2023).
  40. US Bureau of Labor Statistics, Average Price: Milk, Fresh, Whole, Fortified (Cost per Gallon), U.S. City Average, series APU0000709112, via FRED Read 2026-09-07.
  41. US Environmental Protection Agency. 'TSCA Chemical Substance Inventory.'
  42. US Government Accountability Office. 'Toxic Substances: EPA Has Increased Efforts to Assess and Control Chemicals but Could Strengthen Its Approach.' GAO-13-249, 2013.
  43. US Environmental Protection Agency. 'Risk Management for Chrysotile Asbestos.' Final Rule, March 2024.
  44. Frank AL, Joshi TK. 'The Global Spread of Asbestos.' Annals of Global Health 80(4):257-262 (2014).
  45. US EPA, 'TSCA Chemical Substance Inventory.'
  46. US GAO, 'Chemical Regulation: Observations on Improving the Toxic Substances Control Act,' GAO-10-292T, 2009.
  47. U.S. EPA. About the TSCA Chemical Substance Inventory (July 2025 update: 86,862 substances; 42,578 active).
  48. Krimsky S. (2017). The unsteady state and inertia of chemical regulation under the U.S. TSCA. PLOS Biology 15(12):e2002404.
  49. Krimsky S. (2017). The unsteady state and inertia of chemical regulation under TSCA. PLOS Biology 15(12):e2002404.
  50. Food Quality Protection Act of 1996, Public Law 104-170 (amending FFDCA Section 408); EPA endocrine-disruption policy pages.
  51. Maffini MV & Vandenberg LN, 'Failure to Launch,' Frontiers in Toxicology 4:908439, 2022.
  52. Maffini MV & Vandenberg LN, 'Failure to Launch: The Endocrine Disruptor Screening Program at the US EPA,' Frontiers in Toxicology 4:908439, 2022.
  53. US EPA, 'Endocrine Disruptor Screening Program Tier 1 Assessments.'
  54. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. TSCA Chemical Substance Inventory (active substances). EPA.gov.
  55. Wang Z, Walker GW, Muir DCG, Nagatani-Yoshida K. Toward a global understanding of chemical pollution: A first comprehensive analysis of national and regional chemical inventories. Environ Sci Technol 54(5):2575-2584, 2020.
  56. University of Texas at Austin College of Pharmacy: Andrea C. Gore, PhD faculty profile.
  57. Gore AC et al. EDC-2: The Endocrine Society's Second Scientific Statement on Endocrine-Disrupting Chemicals. Endocrine Reviews 36(6):E1-E150 (2015).
  58. University of Texas at Austin College of Pharmacy directory: Andrea C. Gore, PhD (Vacek Chair of Pharmacology).
  59. Endocrine Society member profile: Andrea Gore, PhD.
  60. Clark CJ et al. Open-access full text (PMC).
  61. Attina TM, et al. Exposure to endocrine-disrupting chemicals in the USA: a population-based disease burden and cost analysis. The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology 4(12):996-1003 (2016).
  62. Trasande L, et al. Burden of disease and costs of exposure to endocrine disrupting chemicals in the European Union: an updated analysis. Andrology 4(4):565-572 (2016).
  63. Grandjean P, Bellanger M. Calculation of the disease burden associated with environmental chemical exposures: application of toxicological information in health economic estimation. Environmental Health 16(1):123 (2017).
  64. Trasande L, et al. Estimating burden and disease costs of exposure to endocrine-disrupting chemicals in the European Union. JCEM 100(4):1245-1255 (2015).
  65. Grun F, Blumberg B. Environmental obesogens: organotins and endocrine disruption via nuclear receptor signaling. Endocrinology 147(6 Suppl):S50-S55 (2006).
  66. Heindel JJ et al. Metabolism disrupting chemicals and metabolic disorders. Reproductive Toxicology 68:3-33 (2017).
  67. Diamanti-Kandarakis E, et al. 'Endocrine-disrupting chemicals: an Endocrine Society scientific statement.' Endocr Rev 30(4):293-342 (2009).
  68. Gore AC, et al. 'EDC-2: The Endocrine Society's Second Scientific Statement on Endocrine-Disrupting Chemicals.' Endocr Rev 36(6):E1-E150 (2015).
  69. US Government Accountability Office. 'Chemical Regulation: Options Exist to Improve EPA's Ability to Assess Health Risks and Manage Its Chemical Review Program.' GAO-05-458, 2005.
  70. Krimsky S. 'The unsteady state and inertia of chemical regulation under the US Toxic Substances Control Act.' PLoS Biology 15(12):e2002404 (2017).
  71. Brede C, Fjeldal P, Skjevrak I, Herikstad H. Increased migration levels of bisphenol A from polycarbonate baby bottles after dishwashing, boiling and brushing. Food Addit Contam 20(7):684-689, 2003.
  72. Carwile JL, Luu HT, Bassett LS, et al. Polycarbonate bottle use and urinary bisphenol A concentrations. Environ Health Perspect 117(9):1368-1372, 2009.
  73. Le HH, Carlson EM, Chua JP, Belcher SM. Bisphenol A is released from polycarbonate drinking bottles and mimics the neurotoxic actions of estrogen in developing cerebellar neurons. Toxicol Lett 176(2):149-156, 2008.
  74. Brede C, et al. Increased migration levels of bisphenol A from polycarbonate baby bottles after dishwashing, boiling and brushing. Food Addit Contam 20(7):684-689, 2003.
  75. Woodruff TJ, Zota AR, Schwartz JM. Environmental chemicals in pregnant women in the United States: NHANES 2003-2004. Environ Health Perspect 119(6):878-885, 2011.
  76. US EPA. Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) Occurrence Data.
  77. US EPA. Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) — program documentation.
  78. Environmental Working Group. Tap Water Database (2021 update).
  79. Lerner S. The Teflon Toxin: DuPont and the Chemistry of Deception. The Intercept, 2015 (investigative series).
  80. Markowitz G, Rosner D. Deceit and Denial: The Deadly Politics of Industrial Pollution. University of California Press, 2002.
  81. Smith, Michael B. 'Silence, Miss Carson! Science, Gender, and the Reception of Silent Spring.' Feminist Studies 27(3):733–752, 2001.
  82. Hazlett, Maril. 'Woman vs. Man vs. Bugs: Gender and Popular Ecology in Early Reactions to Silent Spring.' Environmental History 9(4):701–729, 2004.
  83. Maffini MV, Vandenberg LN. Failure to Launch: The Endocrine Disruptor Screening Program at the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Front Toxicol 4:908439, 2022.
  84. NIH RePORTER (federal research-grant database).
  85. Bagdikian BH. The New Media Monopoly. Beacon Press, 2004.
  86. Boykoff MT. Who Speaks for the Climate? Making Sense of Media Reporting on Climate Change. Cambridge University Press, 2011.
  87. Kunda Z. The case for motivated reasoning. Psychological Bulletin 108(3):480-498, 1990.
  88. Sweeny K, Melnyk D, Miller W, Shepperd JA. Information avoidance: Who, what, when, and why. Review of General Psychology 14(4):340-353, 2010.
  89. Michaels D. The Triumph of Doubt: Dark Money and the Science of Deception. Oxford University Press, 2020.
  90. Krimsky S. Hormonal Chaos: The Scientific and Social Origins of the Environmental Endocrine Hypothesis. Johns Hopkins University Press, 2000.